My company has a customer with almost 100k subcustomers.
My company works with Rental Companies and their Customers. It was before my time but my company, or a consultant on our behalf, reached out to NetSuite because we hit that 10k limit and they increased our limit.
One downside to having so many subcustomers on a single entity is that it will increase the load time for that entity's record unless you have the preference 'Delay Loading of Sublists' enabled. That can be enables by a user individually or as a company general preference.