Anyone know where I can get a detailed list of the role centers and their specifics?

You can use the ‘Show Differences’ in setup to compare roles for permissions. Other than that, you can create a search with roles and permissions. I would use a filter for roles if you want to just look at one or a few.

Not role permissions but the standard netsuite centers

You can start with a new role search type and there are results you can choose from such as center type and restrictions.

Roles I have no issue with, what I am looking for is what the centers give and take away from the user.

it is just different listing of data (tabs_) specific to functionality. how/what is listed depend entirely on role. there is not a “give and take away” per center, only per role.