Posting a quick update on my last night's permissions drama. It turned out our finance folks had closed the accounting period and that prevented all invoice modifications (Just locking A/R actually, but that's more than enough). 😧
I stumbled on a good permissions troubleshooting article that helped me see the actual "period closed" error. I hope this helps anybody else.
https://clouderpadvisor.com/netsuite-permissions-figure-permissions-need-add-role/