@KnotKnick create a search that's based off of the system note field going from (old value) to (new value) and grab the user column along with whatever you need
use that search in a scheduled script to do any processing with those records
to prevent reprocessing, either use a custom field or custom record to keep track of which records you've already processed
if custom field you can also add that search requirement so you're working with a limited amount of results, if custom record, you'll have to do something else to make sure you're not reprocessing the same record multiple times